Laduni Science and Wisdom Science, Same or Different?
Islam requires its people to be knowledgeable even the first commandment in the Koran is iqra which means read. Because reading is the key to someone can learn science. There are many benefits of studying because only knowledgeable people are able to teach all the virtues and goodness to their next generations.
Indonesia is a country rich in cultural diversity. It is so rich that we cannot identify which ones are typical Indonesian arts, Indonesian specialties, and the like. There are Javanese arts, Minang specialties, Balinese dances; but for those who are uniquely Indonesian, perhaps their proximity to mystical and supernatural things or traditions is the answer.
Traditions related to mystical and supernatural things are owned by almost every ethnic group in Indonesia. It may be difficult to be specific, but at least this closeness is rooted enough in the minds of the Indonesian natives. To the extent, there is its own uniqueness in the Islamic world in this country of Indonesia. As Indonesian Muslims, of course it is not foreign to us to hear the terms science of wisdom and science of laduni. Especially with the rise of feuds between the Red Magician and the shamans lately, this term is often alluded to and is becoming more and more familiar to our ears. Apart from the enmity between them, what exactly is the science of wisdom? What exactly is laduni science? Is it the sciences of supernatural powers, invulnerability, and the like that smell mystical and supernatural? Are these sciences in or part of Islamic teachings?
Etymologically, the term "wisdom" comes from Arabic which means "wisdom". Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyah in Madarij al-Salikin defines wisdom as something that must be done in the right way and at the right time. Thus, the science of wisdom means knowledge that discusses something that must be done in a certain way and at a certain time.
On the other hand, the first philosopher in the Islamic world Al-Kindi equated wisdom with philosophy. That's because philosophy also means love of wisdom, which is in line with the meaning of wisdom itself. Moreover, Ibn Sina defines that wisdom is the perfection of the human soul when it succeeds in grasping the meaning of something and is able to state the truth with its thoughts and actions to the best of its ability as a human being; that way, the meaning between wisdom and philosophy is increasingly identical.
Then what about the mystical and supernatural sciences? Is that not or not included in the science of wisdom? If we return to it based on the etymological definition and the original terminological meaning, it is quite clear that interpreting the science of wisdom as the science of supernatural powers, invulnerability, and the like which has mystical and supernatural smells is quite different.
Whereas laduni science, historically, is a type of scholarship that was popularized by Hujjatul Islam Imam Al-Ghazali through his work Al-Risalah al-Laduniyyah. Etymologically, the term is quoted from a verse in the Qur'an which tells of the Prophet Musa on his way to meet and intend to study with the Prophet Khidir.
فَوَجَدَا عَبْدًا مِّنْ عِبَادِنَآ اٰتَيْنٰهُ رَحْمَةً مِّنْ عِنْدِنَا وَعَلَّمْنٰهُ مِنْ لَّدُنَّا عِلْمًا
The term "laduni" is a form of ratio from the word "ladunna" which means "our side". Considering that the word "ladunna" follows the word "min" which means "from Our side", Al-Ghazali took this term to explain the kinds of knowledge based on their acquisition. So, laduni science is not knowledge about what, but knowledge about where and how it is obtained. It can be understood that laduni knowledge is knowledge from the side of Allah.
Isn't all that knowledge, however and however, comes from Allah? Yes, it is true. However, in this context, Al-Ghazali identified a science called laduni science as a variety of knowledge whose acquisition is not by human efforts such as reading books, attending seminars, listening to lectures, practicing, and so on; but with effortrabbani such as riyadhah, mujahadah, and muraqabah who make themselves worthy to receive this knowledge.
Laduni knowledge is knowledge that is 'obtained' or 'devolved' from God where one does not need to try to get it, but must try how to make himself worthy of receiving it. Laduni knowledge is not knowledge that we acquire by seeking, nor is it knowledge that is taught or even transferred from one person to another, but knowledge that is given to us by Allah. Because of its nature of 'giving' or 'delivering', the content and form of knowledge in question depend on the Giver or the Bestower, without having to adjust to the desires, wishes, as well as the capacities and devices of understanding that we have.
Reason with its rational method is recognized as having certain limitations. In the areas of metaphysical study, for example, reason is powerless. Therefore, the product of reason in this case is often called nothing more than speculation.
On the other hand, the five senses are only able to relate to what can be seen, heard, smelled, touched, and tasted. The five senses are helpless in dealing with things beyond all that. If reason can still abstract, even in the form of speculation, on metaphysical or non-empirical matters; then the five senses can be said to have completely given up on such things. The five senses are only able to reflect on something if there are concrete materials that can be 'touched'.
The limitations of reason and five senses are not a problem for laduni. Laduni, who is based on intuition and is a source of sound knowledge from the heart and is believed to come from God's "gift" directly, has an area that can be said to be unlimited. This is surprising because the source of knowledge or scholarship is God himself whose knowledge is seen as encompassing everything.
Does it include the sciences of supernatural powers, immunity, and the like? Yes, no exception. However, if it is interpreted that laduni science is solely about supernatural powers, immunity, and the like which have mystical and supernatural smells; it is wrong. Because, laduni knowledge can be in the form of Islamic sciences both ushul and furu'; it could also be about medicine, philosophy, physics or metaphysics; it all comes down to what God knows about us and what God wants for us.
If Allah wills good for His servant, Allah lifts the veil between the servant's soul and the soul in which there is a lake (universal soul). Allah appears in my soul as a secret reality and understands in my soul the meaning of that reality. Then the true soul and the essence of wisdom are revealed for the servant that Allah wills through laduni knowledge.
يُّؤْتِى الْحِكْمَةَ مَنْ يَّشَاۤءُ ۚ وَمَنْ يُّؤْتَ الْحِكْمَةَ فَقَدْ اُوْتِيَ خَيْرًا كَثِيْرًا ۗ وَمَا يَذَّكَّرُ اِلَّآ اُولُوا الْاَلْبَابِ
Meaning: "He gives wisdom to whom He wills. Whoever is given wisdom, indeed he has been given a lot of goodness. And no one can take lessons except people who have common sense." (QS. Al-Baqarah [2]: 269)
The science of wisdom is the science of the perfection of the human soul when it succeeds in grasping the meaning of something and is able to state the truth with its thoughts and actions. Laduni knowledge is knowledge that is obtained or given from God where a person does not need to try to get it, but must try how to make himself worthy of receiving it.
Islam does not teach about supernatural powers, immunity, and the like; remembering the Prophet Muhammad SAW, no matter how noble and noble he is, can get sick and hurt. However, things like supernatural powers and miracles still exist in Islam in the form of miracles or karomah. However, all of these are things that are not meant to be owned and taught, but are simply a form of grace and luck from Allah Azza wa Jalla.
5 Benefits of Laduni Science or Wisdom Science
Islam requires its people to be knowledgeable even the first commandment in the Koran is iqra which means read. Because reading is the key to someone can learn science. There are many benefits of studying because only knowledgeable people are able to teach all the virtues and goodness to their next generations.
What is Laduni Science?
Among Muslims themselves, many types of knowledge have emerged, one of which is laduni science. But unfortunately, among the many debates, many Muslims do not know what laduni science actually is. The science of laduni is also known as the science of wisdom, namely knowledge that actually can be mastered by anyone because indeed the essence of this knowledge is the explanation of one's heart in understanding its secrets where only those who sincerely hope for Allah's pleasure will be shownstraight way by God. So this knowledge actually has nothing to do with supernatural powers because indeed this knowledge cannot be taught or learned from other people because this knowledge comes directly from God for those who have experienced its gifts directly.
Benefits of Laduni Science?
Then if a person has succeeded in experiencing the secret directly about how calm life is when he has dedicated all his life and death to Allah, what benefits will that person get from laduni knowledge?
For Muslims in general, there are times when reading the Al-Quran even though the translation is still confused with its contents. But even in a state of confusion, will you doubt it or deny it? If so, this is exactly what the Jews did, who did not want to accept verses that did not make sense to them, and then replaced them with other verses that suited their wishes. In contrast to people who have received laduni knowledge or wisdom, it is very easy for them to understand Allah's books.
As mentioned in the first point, when someone can easily understand the wisdom contained in Allah's books, there is not the slightest doubt in their understanding of Allah's verses, so they will become more confident in their Islam. Ordinary people, even without realizing it, still have a little doubt, for example, all Islamic studies must remind that Allah always wants convenience for his people, but many people must be wondering, what kind of convenience? Even though it's difficult to find food today. Such things will not be experienced by those who have mastered laduni science, because they understand very well what is meant by the verse.
Become a Knowledgeable Person
It has been mentioned above that Islam requires its adherents, both men and women, to be berlimu. What's the goal? Because only knowledgeable people can teach all the virtues and goodness to their next generations. That means those who have received guidance and received karomah from Allah to be able to master ladini knowledge are the best teachers. But keep in mind that it is not teachers who teach laduni sciences but teachers who teach all the virtues and goodness about Islam as well as the benefits of monotheism so that later these students will find their own way to get karomah directly from Allah formaster laduni science.
Better in Judging or Seeing the Truth
There are lots of benefits
studying science and technology but that alone is not enough to know what is right and what is wrong. Who said seeing the truth was easy? Especially in this day and age with lots of benefits of cyberspace and benefits of social media with all kinds of hoaxes spreading, confusing news that is going around sometimes makes you wonder which one is right, who is right. Someone who masters laduni knowledge will certainly be much better when asked to give an assessment or to see a truth.
Have True Peace of Life
Doubt, uncertainty, unanswered questions will certainly leave a person feeling uneasy. On the other hand, when someone masters ladini science, there is no doubt, there is only faith and in the end life becomes much calmer.
Beware of People Who Claim to Have Laduni Knowledge
The Messenger of Allah once warned about the danger behind people who claim to have laduni knowledge as narrated by Aisyah RA after reading Surah Ali Imran verse 7; "if you see people mujahadah about it (looking for takwin regarding mustasyabihat verses)then those are the people that Allah meant, (people will cause slander) so stay away from them” (History of Imam Ahmad) which is also corroborated by Bukhari, Muslim and Ibn Jarir.
Then what are the characteristics that people belong to the people mentioned by the Prophet? It is enough to remember that laduni knowledge is a type of knowledge that cannot be taught, so if there is someone who claims to be able to teach laduni science or pass on this knowledge, it is certain that he belongs to the group who likes to claim it as told by the Prophet.
Notes Laduni knowledge is knowledge that is directly given by Allah to His desired servant. Without an intermediary, sometimes even the recipient is not aware of it. According to Imam al-Ghazali, laduni knowledge is only given to His servants who are pure in heart and high in piety. Furthermore, Imam al-Ghazali explained how the position of this knowledge in Islam. Complete with arguments and arguments in the Koran and Sunnah. This is to ward off accusations by some groups who do not recognize the existence of this science. The Secret Book of Laduni Science and the Wisdom of Creation Creation is taken from the book Majma'ah Rasail al-Imam al-Ghazali. Both discuss the secrets and wisdom behind God's power over all of His creation, including laduni knowledge, as one of the unique creations. There is no doubt about Imam al-Ghazali's knowledge and piety. It is not surprising that he received many honorary nicknames, from Hujjatul Islam to Mufti al-Ummah. All these good predicates were obtained because of his big ideas
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