Afwan kiyai, in some mosques from the 15th of Ramadan to the end, the qunut prayer is read in the witr prayer. Is there any reason for this?
Answer
By: Ahmad Syahrin Thoriq
The majority of scholars are of the opinion that it is sunnah to read qunut in the Witr prayer based on clear arguments about it. Only then the four schools of thought differ in the details, some say it is sunnah from the beginning of Ramadan, even in witir outside of Ramadan.
Meanwhile, the Syafi'iyyah believe that it is sunnah to read qunut in the last half of the night of Ramadan. (Please see in our previous article: Qunut in the Witr prayer)
QUNUT WITIR AT THE END OF RAMADHAN
Al Imam Baihaqi Rahimahullah said:
قال الشافعي: ويقنتون في الوتر في النصف الآخر من رمضان، وكذلك كان يفعل ابن عمر، ومعاذ القاري
"Asy Syafi'i said: 'And recite the Witir prayer in the middle of the end of the month of Ramadan, as was done by Ibn 'Umar and Mu'adz al-Qari."[1]
Al Imam Nawawi Rahimahullah said:
ويستحب القنوت عندنا في النصف الأخير من شهر رمضان في الركعة الأخيرة من الوتر، ولنا وجه: أن يقنت فيها في جميع شهر رمضان، ووجه ثالث: في جميع السنة، وهو مذهبُ أبي حنيفة، والمعروف من مذهبنا هو الأوّل
"It is sunnah to pray at the end of the witir in the last half of Ramadan in the view of our school of thought. There are also some among us (Syafi'iyyah) who think that the sunnah of Qunut is throughout Ramadan.
Then there are also those who argue that its sunnah is in all sunnah prayers. This is the opinion of the Abu Hanifah school of thought. However, what is known in our madzhab is the first model, namely Qunut in the last half of Ramadan.”[2]
Apart from Shafi'iyyah, some scholars from the Malikiyyah school of thought and a history from Imam Ahmad also argue that it is sunnah to pray in the last half of the month of Ramadan.[3]
Al Imam Ibn Qudamah al Hanbali Rahimahullah said:
القنوت مسنون في الوتر في الركعة الواحدة في جميع السنة، هذا المنصوص عند أصحابنا، وهذا قول ابن مسعود، وإبراهيم، وإسحاق، ورزيب وروي ذلك عن الحسن، وعن أحمد رواية أخرى: أنه لا يقنت إلاَّ في النصف الأخير من رمضان
“Qunut is sunnah in the odd witr prayers throughout the year, this is the official opinion of our school (hanbali). And this is also the opinion of Ibn Mas'ud, Ibrahim an Nakha'i, Ishaq, among the ra'yi experts, and this was also narrated from Hasan al Bashri. It is narrated in another narration from imam Ahmad : He does not perform Qunut except in the last half of Ramadan.”[4]
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𝗗𝗮𝗹𝗶𝗹𝗻𝘆𝗮أن عمر بن الخطاب جمع الناس على أبي بن كعب فكان يصلي لهم عشرين ليلة ولا يقنت الا في النصف الباقى من رمضان.
“In fact Umar Ibn Khattab took the initiative to gather the community to pray Tarawih together (with imam) Ubay Ibn Ka'ab, so he prayed Tarawih with them for 20 nights, and he did not pray qunut except in the second half (night of the 16th of Ramadan onwards). ” (HR. Abu Dawud)
Al Imam Syaukani Rahimahullah said:
وروي العراقي عن معاذ بن الحارث الأنصاري أنه كان إذا انتصف رمضان لعن الكفرة. قال: وعن الحسن: كانوا يقنتون في النصف الأخير من رمضان
"And has narrated al Iraqi from Mu'adz bin al Harits al Anshari radhiyallahu'anhu that if he is in the last half of Ramadan (berqunut) curses the disbelievers. Al Hasan said: They used to pray in the last half of Ramadan."[5]
A scholar who lived in the third century Hijriyah, Muhammad bin Ishaq al Makki said:
وكان أهل مكة على القنوت في الوتر في النصف الأخير من شهر رمضان، وكانوا يقنتون في صلاة الصبح أيضا من السنة إلى السنة، وإنما ترك ذلك بمكة من قبل الولاة من أهل العراق
“In the past, the people of Mecca prayed the Witr prayer in the last half of the month of Ramadan. And they are also used to praying in the Fajr prayer, and this went on for years, until then it was abandoned before the rulers of Iraq came to power.”[6]
📜Wallahu a'lam.
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[1] Ma'rifah as Sunan wal Atsar (4/43)
[2] Al Adzkar p. 59
[3] Al Kafi li Ibn Abdil Barr p. 74, al Qawanin al Fiqhiyyah p. 66
[4] Al Mughni (2/580)
[5] Nail al Authar (3/55)
[6] Akhbar al Makkah (2/155)